transvaluation and aesthtetic

However, descendants of the lower class began to resent being so powerless; they began to resent being bad. Their hatred toward the superior class resulted in a "radical transvaluation of their values." That is, 'good' and 'bad' began to reverse in meaning such that 'good' now applied to the common, low, poor and powerless, while 'bad' now applied to the superior, privileged, rich, and powerful. In this way, the deprived, poor, sick, and helpless become pious, whereas as the powerful, noble, and rich became impious.

Nietzsche's general metaphysical situation follows thus: the Dionysian truth about life, namely that the self-annihilating immersion of all things in unity is intolerable, may be rendered tolerable by creating ways to veil the intolerability of this truth. Every attempt to make life tolerable or justifiable is in fact the creation of some such veil and springs from the Apollinian spirit, the "principium individuationis." The highest, most self-conscious exemplar of this creation of tolerance-rendering illusion is art. Dionysian tragic artists are those who self-consciously recognize the tragic basis of what they are doing. It is for this reason that Nietzsche emphasizes that "the existence of the world is justified only as an aesthetic phenomenon" (BT, 22).